El exitoso proceso de licitación de contratos especiales de operación (CEOP) que permitió el ingreso de privados a tareas de exploración y, eventualmente, explotación de bloques con potencial de hidrocarburos tendrá una segunda versión en los próximos meses.
El Gobierno, a través del ministerio de Energía, está preparando un nuevo proceso de licitación que no sólo abarcará la zona de Magallanes, sino que también otros bloques que ya han sido explorados en forma preliminar por la ENAP y que, según se conoce, tienen potencial de petróleo y gas natural.
La misión es, en el corto plazo, iniciar un levantamiento de nuevas zonas de interés para esta segunda ronda de licitaciones.
Esto, porque la idea es aportar a diversificar la matriz energética, pero, sobre todo, a reducir la dependencia del exterior respecto de los combustibles fósiles, considerando que Chile debe importar prácticamente el 100% del petróleo y gas que consume.
“La política energética tiene como uno de sus objetivos la seguridad energética y, para ello, promueve la diversificación de la matriz energética y la disminución de la dependencia externa en el suministro de energía”, explicó el ministerio en su cuenta pública.
En Magallanes y Valdivia
Las primeras zonas susceptibles a ser concesionadas a privados son cuatro áreas que ENAP mantiene en la región de Magallanes, una de las cuales corresponde al bloque Dorado Riquelme, donde participa en conjunto con Methanex, el principal cliente de gas natural en la región más austral de Chile. También serán parte de estos contratos algunas zonas costeras de Valdivia, en la región de los Ríos.
“Actualmente, se dispone de mejor información geológica del país en las cuencas de Magallanes y de Valdivia. Asimismo, existen catorce Contratos Especiales de Operación, CEOP y ENAP tiene cuatro áreas en Magallanes donde podría asociarse con privados en un futuro”, manifestaron desde la cartera.
Fuente: Diario Financiero
Sin embargo, existen riesgos asociados a la explotación de hidrocarburos tanto en tierra como en el mar. Por ejemplo, lo que está sucediendo en la costa del Golfo de Mexico, con la explosión del pozo petrolero de la compañia British Petroleum (BP). Este pozo explotó el día 20 de Abril, 2010, donde 20 personas perdieron la vida. Hasta la fecha se han derramado más de 150 millones de litros crudo al mar.
Fuente: The Daily Green
Si Chile está buscando diversificar la matriz energética, debería favorecer las fuentes renovables por sobre los combustibles fósiles.

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